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Termites are less likely to be assaulted by fleas than bees, wasps and ants, since they're generally well protected in their mounds.122 Nevertheless, termites are infected by a variety of parasites. Some of them include dipteran flies,123 Pyemotes mites, and a large number of nematode parasites. Most nematode parasites are in the order Rhabditida; others are in the genus Mermis, Diplogaster aerivora and Harteria gallinarum.

M. anispliae is known to weaken the termite immune system. Infection with A. nomius only occurs when a colony is under great stress. .

Termites are infected by viruses including Entomopoxvirinae and the Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus.130131

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Because the employee and soldier castes lack wings and thus never flyand also the reproductives use their wings for just a brief amount of time, termites predominantly rely upon their own legs to move about.

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Foraging behavior depends on the form of termite. For example, certain species feed on the timber constructions that they inhabit, and many others harvest food that is near the nest.132 Most employees are seldom found out in the open, and do not forage unprotected; they rely on sheeting and runways to protect them from predators.

When they find a food source, they communicate to other soldiers and a small force of workers starts to emerge. In the second stage, employees appear in massive numbers at the site. The third phase is marked by a decrease in the number of soldiers present and an increase in the number of employees.136 Isolated termite workers may engage in Lvy flight behavior within an optimised strategy for finding their nestmates or foraging for food.137.

Competition between two colonies consistently results in agonistic behaviour towards each other, resulting in struggles. These struggles can lead to mortality on both sides and, in some cases, the gain or loss of land.138139"Cemetery pits" may be present, where the bodies of dead termites are buried.140

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Studies indicate that when termites encounter each other in foraging areas, some of the termites deliberately block passages to prevent other termites from entering.134141 Dead termites from different colonies found in exploratory tunnels leads to the isolation of the area and so the need to construct new tunnels.142 Conflict between two competitors does not always occur.

Since C. formosanus colonies can get into physical conflict, a few termites squeeze tightly into foraging tunnels and perish, effectively blocking the tunnel and ending all agonistic actions.144.

Among the reproductive caste, neotenic queens may compete with each other to become the dominant queen when there are no primary reproductives. This struggle among the queens contributes to the elimination of all but a single queen, which, together with all the king, takes over the colony.145

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Ants and termites may compete with each other for nesting space. In specific, ants that prey on termites usually have a negative effect on arboreal nesting species.146

Most termites are blind, therefore communication primarily occurs through chemical, mechanical and pheromonal cues.41134 These means of communication are employed in an assortment of tasks, including foraging, locating reproductives, construction of nests, recognition of nestmates, nuptial flight, and locating and fighting enemies, and defending the nests.41134 The most common method of communicating is through antennation.134 A number of pheromones are known, including contact pheromones (that can be transmitted when workers are engaged in trophallaxis or grooming) and alarm, trail and sex pheromones.

Trail pheromones are secreted in the sternal gland, and gender pheromones derive from two glandular resources: the this content sternal and tergal glands.41 When termites head out to look for food, they forage in columns along the ground through vegetation. A trail can be identified from the faecal residue or runways that are covered by items.

When termites construct their nests, they use predominantly indirect communication. No single termite would be in charge of any particular construction project. Individual termites respond rather than think, but in a set level, they display a type of collective cognition. Specific structures or other objects like pellets of click for more info soil or pillars cause termites to begin building.

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The result is a self-organised procedure where the information that directs termite activity results in changes in the environment rather than from direct contact among individuals.134.

Termites can distinguish nestmates and non-nestmates through chemical communication and gut symbionts: compounds consisting of this content hydrocarbons released from the cuticle allow the recognition of alien termite species.148149 Every colony has its own distinct odour. This odour is a result of genetic and environmental factors such as the termites' diet andThe composition of the bacteria within the termites' intestines.150.

Termites rely on alert communication to defend a colony.134 Alarm pheromones can be discharged when the nest has been broken or is being attacked by enemies or potential pathogens. Termites constantly avoid nestmates infected with Metarhizium anisopliae spores, through vibrational signals released by infected nestmates.151 Other procedures of defence include intense jerking and secretion of fluids in the frontal gland and defecating faeces containing alarm pheromones.134152.

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